從長期規劃角度來看,天然氣只是過渡性的能源
過渡到可再生能源
From a long-term planning perspective, natural gas is only a transitional energy. The transition is towards renewable energies.
天然氣曾被視為清潔能源,可減少二氧化碳排放,支持經濟發展。但從長遠來看,天然氣仍屬於化石燃料,不可再生。隨著氣候變化影響日益明顯,全球正加速擺脫化石燃料,轉向零碳發展。
Natural gas was once seen as a clean energy that could reduce carbon dioxide emissions and support economic development. But in the long run, natural gas is still a fossil fuel, non-renewable. As the impacts of climate change become increasingly apparent, the world is accelerating to get rid of fossil fuels and move towards zero-carbon development.
因為氫能才是未來
Because hydrogen energy is the future.
與天然氣相比,氫氣燃燒後只會產生水,幾乎零污染。它被視為最具發展潛力的新能源之一。許多國家已經大力發展氫能技術和應用。預計到2050年,全球將有10%~15%的最終能源消費來自氫氣。
Compared with natural gas, hydrogen only produces water after combustion, with almost zero pollution. It is considered one of the new energies with the most development potential. Many countries have greatly developed hydrogen energy technology and applications. It is expected that by 2050, 10-15% of global final energy consumption will come from hydrogen.
綠色氫能是透過太陽能和風力等再生能源
Green hydrogen energy is obtained through renewable energies such as solar and wind power.
用電解水方式取得的氫能
It is hydrogen energy obtained by electrolyzing water.
所謂綠氫,指的是透過水電解生產出來的氫氣。水電解利用電力分解水分子,產生氫氣與氧氣。如果電力來自太陽能、風力或其他可再生能源,所得到的氫氣就是「綠氫」。與化石燃料生產的「灰氫」、「藍氫」相比,綠氫幾乎零排放,是真正清潔的能源。
Green hydrogen refers to hydrogen produced from water electrolysis. Water electrolysis uses electricity to decompose water molecules to produce hydrogen and oxygen. If the electricity comes from solar, wind or other renewable energies, the resulting hydrogen is “green hydrogen”. Compared with the “gray hydrogen” and “blue hydrogen” produced from fossil fuels, green hydrogen has almost zero emissions and is truly clean energy.
綠氫在生產和應用的過程中幾乎沒有碳排
Green hydrogen has almost no carbon emissions in its production and application.
與化石燃料相比,綠氫最大的優勢在於幾乎零排放。從生產到儲存、輸送、應用,整個過程如果都是基於可再生能源,碳排放可降至最低。這使綠氫成為實現碳中和的關鍵途徑。
Compared with fossil fuels, the biggest advantage of green hydrogen is almost zero emissions. From production to storage, transportation and application, if the whole process is based on renewable energy, carbon emissions can be minimized. This makes green hydrogen a key pathway to achieving carbon neutrality.
氫氣基礎建設對未來發展的重要性
The importance of hydrogen infrastructure for future development
要大規模應用氫能,首要條件就是要有配套的基礎建設。這包括氫氣生產設施、儲存和輸送系統,以及加氫站等。這需要政府和社會各界通力合作來打造。
The primary prerequisite for large-scale application of hydrogen energy is to have supporting infrastructure. This includes hydrogen production facilities, storage and transportation systems, and hydrogen refueling stations. This requires concerted efforts from the government and all sectors of society to build.
加速建設生產和儲存設施
Accelerate the construction of production and storage facilities
要大量生產綠氫,必須加快建設大型電解水裝置,並連接可再生能源電站。同時要規劃適當的儲存設施,確保氫氣的安全可靠供應。
To mass-produce green hydrogen, large-scale water electrolysis devices must be built quickly and connected to renewable energy power stations. At the same time, appropriate storage facilities must be planned to ensure safe and reliable hydrogen supply.
建立氫氣管網
Establish hydrogen pipeline networks
像天然氣一樣,建立管道網絡可以更有效地輸送氫氣。這需要制定路線規劃並逐步鋪設管道。同時管制標準也需要逐步建立,確保運行安全。
Like natural gas, building pipeline networks can transport hydrogen more efficiently. This requires formulating route planning and gradually laying pipelines. At the same time, regulatory standards also need to be gradually established to ensure operational safety.
加密氫能加氫/充電基站
Increase the density of hydrogen refueling/charging stations
要推動氫能汽車的發展,最基本的需求就是要有足夠的加氫站,確保車輛可以隨時加氫。加氫基站網絡要覆蓋主要城市及交通要道,密度要足夠,才能為氫能車的推廣應用提供基礎。
To promote the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the most basic requirement is to have sufficient hydrogen refueling stations to ensure that vehicles can refuel hydrogen at any time. The network of hydrogen refueling stations must cover major cities and transport arteries, with sufficient density to provide the foundation for the promotion and application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
完善技術標准
Improve technical standards
無論是生產、儲存、運輸還是使用氫氣的過程,都需要建立完善的技術標準和規範,確保氫能開發和利用的安全、高效、協調。這對於整個產業的健康發展至關重要。
Whether it is the production, storage, transportation or use of hydrogen, comprehensive technical standards and specifications need to be established to ensure the safe, efficient and coordinated development and utilization of hydrogen energy. This is crucial for the healthy development of the entire industry.
加強安全監管
Strengthen safety supervision
氫氣的易燃易爆性質決定了氫能開發利用過程中必須高度重視安全。必須建立嚴格的安全檢測和監管機制,防止任何安全隱患。同時,也要加強員工的安全培訓教育。
The flammable and explosive properties of hydrogen mean that safety must be highly valued in the development and utilization of hydrogen energy. Strict safety inspection and regulatory mechanisms must be established to prevent any safety hazards. At the same time, employees’ safety training education should also be strengthened.
氫能基礎建設仍在起步階段 需要社會各界努力
Hydrogen infrastructure is still in its initial stage and requires efforts from all sectors
氫能基礎建設仍處於起步和摸索階段。要想實現從天然氣過渡到氫能,需要政府、企業、科研機構、公眾通力合作,共同推動。這不僅是技術層面的挑戰,也是系統性工程和社會組織的挑戰。需要足夠的資金和人力投入,同時也需要建立開放、共享的技術和標准體系。只有通過共同努力,氫能基礎建設才能加速發展,讓氫氣真正成為未來主流清潔能源。
Hydrogen infrastructure is still in its infancy and exploratory stage. In order to achieve the transition from natural gas to hydrogen, cooperation between the government, enterprises, scientific research institutions and the public is needed to jointly promote it. This is not only a technological challenge, but also a systematic project and social organization challenge. Sufficient capital and human resources need to be invested. At the same time, an open and shared technology and standards system needs to be established. Only through joint efforts can hydrogen infrastructure accelerate development and enable hydrogen to truly become the mainstream clean energy of the future.
結論
Conclusion
天然氣雖然被視為過渡性能源,但建設接收站等基礎設施,為未來氫能發展奠定了基礎。氫氣幾乎零污染的特性,加上可再生能源快速發展,使其成為實現零碳願景的最佳選擇。建立完善的氫能基礎建設迫在眉睫,需要社會各界共同努力推動。只有加快發展綠色氫能,才能為子孫後代構建清潔美好的地球家園。
Although natural gas is regarded as a transitional energy, the construction of infrastructure such as receiving stations has laid the foundation for the future development of hydrogen energy. The almost zero-pollution characteristics of hydrogen, coupled with the rapid development of renewable energies, make it the best option for realizing the zero-carbon vision. It is imperative to establish a sound hydrogen infrastructure, which requires joint efforts from all sectors of society. Only by accelerating the development of green hydrogen energy can we build a clean and beautiful home planet for our future generations.
常見問答
Frequently Asked Questions
問:綠氫和其他類型氫氣有什麼區別?
答: 根據生產方式不同,氫氣可分為灰氫、藍氫和綠氫。灰氫是從化石燃料中生產,排放較多;藍氫雖然也是化石燃料生產,但利用碳捕捉技術減排;綠氫則完全由可再生能源驅動電解製氫,幾乎零排放。
Q: What are the differences between green hydrogen and other types of hydrogen?
A: According to different production methods, hydrogen can be divided into gray hydrogen, blue hydrogen and green hydrogen. Gray hydrogen is produced from fossil fuels and emits more; although blue hydrogen is also produced from fossil fuels, carbon capture technology is used to reduce emissions; green hydrogen is produced entirely from renewable energy powering electrolysis, resulting in almost zero emissions.
問:發展氫能與可再生能源之間的聯繫是什麼?
答: 生產綠氫需要大量可再生能源驅動水的電解。所以可再生能源的快速發展是大規模應用綠氫的必要條件。兩者之間是互為基礎、互相促進的關係。
Q: What is the link between developing hydrogen energy and renewable energy?
A: Producing green hydrogen requires a lot of renewable energy to power water electrolysis. So the rapid development of renewable energy is a prerequisite for the large-scale application of green hydrogen. The two are the basis for each other and promote each other.
問:氫能基礎建設發展面臨哪些挑戰?
答: 氫能基礎建設無論在技術路線、系統標准、成本控制、安全監管等方面都有很大挑戰。同時氫能產業鏈涵蓋廣,需要跨界協作。這需要在政策支持、社會資金和人才等方面下足功夫。
Q: What challenges does the development of hydrogen infrastructure face?
A: Hydrogen infrastructure faces great challenges in technology roadmaps, system standards, cost control, safety supervision, etc. At the same time, the hydrogen industry chain covers a wide range and requires cross-industry collaboration. Efforts are needed in terms of policy support, social funding, talent, etc.
問:普通民眾如何參與和支持氫能發展?
答: 民眾可以通過節能減排行為,使用清潔能源,選購低碳產品等方式間接支持。也可以直接投資或找工作參與氫能企業,為行業貢獻力量。提高自身和公眾對氫能認知也很重要。
Q: How can the general public participate in and support hydrogen development?
A: The public can indirectly support through energy conservation, emission reduction behaviors, use of clean energy, and purchasing low-carbon products. They can also directly invest or find jobs in hydrogen companies to contribute to the industry. Improving self and public awareness of hydrogen energy is also very important.
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